APPH E4990: Special Topics – Building a Star on Earth (ITER)

Spring 2011

12:00 - 1:50 PM Thursday, Room 214 S. W. Mudd Building

Prof. Michael Mauel
Email: mauel@columbia.edu

General

Background

Grading

Syllubus

Links

General	Welcome to the APPH E900 Sepcial Topics class information site. APPH E4990y Special Topics 3 pts. Prerequisite: Background in plasma physics and electromechanics. As a seminar course, we will review, discuss, and reconstruct the major papers that define and describe what may someday be the wortld's largest fusion energy experiment: ITER. ITER is both a device now under construction in Caderache, France, and also a physics and engineering project spanning the past 20 years. Several thousand scientific papers have been written describing the physics, operation, design, engineering, technology, and impact of the ITER device. By studying ITER, we will better understand the most studied, most numerous, and most successful controlled thermonuclear fusion device: the tokamak.

General

Welcome to the APPH E900 Sepcial Topics class information site.

APPH E4990y Special Topics 3 pts. Prerequisite: Background in plasma physics and electromechanics.

As a seminar course, we will review, discuss, and reconstruct the major papers that define and describe what may someday be the wortld's largest fusion energy experiment: ITER.

ITER is both a device now under construction in Caderache, France, and also a physics and engineering project spanning the past 20 years. Several thousand scientific papers have been written describing the physics, operation, design, engineering, technology, and impact of the ITER device. By studying ITER, we will better understand the most studied, most numerous, and most successful controlled thermonuclear fusion device: the tokamak.

Background	The ITER Project site Please read the history of ITER and the long list of historical "milestones". Important papers: The first "official" publication for ITER describing the goals of the "conceptual design activity", or CDA: Nuclear Fusion,29, 1191 (1989) and also presented at the IAEA Fusion Energy Conference. Marshall Rosenbluth's review of ITER Physics: "Physics fundamentals for ITER" PFCF, 41, A99 (1999) Summaries of the ITER "Final Design" from the "engineering design activity", or EDA: "Chapter 1: Overview and summary", Nuclear Fusion 39, 2137 (1999) and also Chapters 2 through 9. By 2001, the ITER device was redesigned (and called "ITER-FEAT") in order to reduce cost in half. The "Final Design Report" for ITER-FEAT is located here, with a detailed "technical basis". Robert Aymar, the Director of the EDA, wrote a summary: "Overview of ITER-FEAT - The future international burning plasma experiment". Nuclear Fusion 41 1301, (2001). In 2006, the updated "Physics Basis" for ITER was published in Nucl Fusion 47 S1-S17, (2007) along with Chapters 2 through 9. Norbert Holtkamp, the first director of ITER construction wrote an overview as a technical design review was underway: "An overview of the ITER project," Fusion Eng Des 82 427, (2007) The results of the design review were summarized in 2009: "Principal physics developments evaluated in the ITER design review," Nucl. Fusion 49 065012, (2009).

Background

ITER CrossSection

The ITER Project site
Please read the history of ITER and the long list of historical "milestones".

Important papers:

The first "official" publication for ITER describing the goals of the "conceptual design activity", or CDA: Nuclear Fusion,29, 1191 (1989) and also presented at the IAEA Fusion Energy Conference.
Marshall Rosenbluth's review of ITER Physics: "Physics fundamentals for ITER" PFCF, 41, A99 (1999)
Summaries of the ITER "Final Design" from the "engineering design activity", or EDA: "Chapter 1: Overview and summary", Nuclear Fusion 39, 2137 (1999) and also Chapters 2 through 9.
By 2001, the ITER device was redesigned (and called "ITER-FEAT") in order to reduce cost in half. The "Final Design Report" for ITER-FEAT is located here, with a detailed "technical basis".
Robert Aymar, the Director of the EDA, wrote a summary: "Overview of ITER-FEAT - The future international burning plasma experiment". Nuclear Fusion 41 1301, (2001).
In 2006, the updated "Physics Basis" for ITER was published in Nucl Fusion 47 S1-S17, (2007) along with Chapters 2 through 9.
Norbert Holtkamp, the first director of ITER construction wrote an overview as a technical design review was underway: "An overview of the ITER project," Fusion Eng Des 82 427, (2007)
The results of the design review were summarized in 2009: "Principal physics developments evaluated in the ITER design review," Nucl. Fusion 49 065012, (2009).

Grading	Each student will be required to complete an independent research project on one aspect of the ITER Project. Each topic must be approved. Your project will be presented to the semimar in both written and presentation form. *Course project schedule:* One page project proposal, due February 17 Midterm progress presentation (10 minutes), due March 10 Schedule your project presentation, where students will submit "chits", comments, and questions,first-come-first-serve Submission of your final written project report by the end of the semester. There will be no exams.

Grading

Each student will be required to complete an independent research project on one aspect of the ITER Project. Each topic must be approved.

Your project will be presented to the semimar in both written and presentation form.

Course project schedule:

One page project proposal, due February 17
Midterm progress presentation (10 minutes), due March 10
Schedule your project presentation, where students will submit "chits", comments, and questions,first-come-first-serve
Submission of your final written project report by the end of the semester.

There will be no exams.

Syllubus

The lecture plan will be developed during the semester based upon student interests.

*Lecture Dates*	*Topics*
Jan 20	*Class cancelled* (I will be in Washington, DC on business.) Please read Marshall Rosenbluth's review of ITER Physics: "Physics fundamentals for ITER" PFCF, 41, A99 (1999)
Jan 25	*Tuesday this week only.* (I will be in PPPL at NSTX PAC for normal Thursday class.) Lecture 1: Introduction to ITER and "Overview and the Status of the ITER Project," by Norbert Holtkamp (Feb 2010). Read: Shimomura et al. "ITER overview," Nuclear Fusion 39 1291(1999)
Feb 3	Plasma operational limits, magnetic field strength, and size "How to design a tokamak fusion reactor" Read: Hender et al. Chapter 3: MHD stability, operational limits and disruptions. Nucl Fusion (2007) vol. 47 (6) pp. S128-S202 Lecture 2: How to design a burning plasma tokamak?
Feb 10	Plasma confinement scaling Lecture-3: "What is the H-mode, and How does it work?" Read: Wagner et al. "Regime of improved confinement and high beta in neutral-beam-heated divertor discharges of the ASDEX Tokamak". Phys Rev Lett (1982) vol. 49 (19) pp. 1408-1412 Wagner et al. "Development of an edge transport barrier at the H-mode transition of ASDEX". Phys Rev Lett (1984) Doyle et al. Chapter 2: Plasma confinement and transport. Nucl Fusion (2007) vol. 47 pp. S18-S127 Loarte et al. Chapter 4: Power and particle control. Nucl Fusion (2007) vol. 47 (6) pp. S203-S263
Feb 17	*1st Draft Term-Project Proposals Due* A brief introduction to tokamak engineering and technology Lecture-4: "How to build the world's most powerful superconducting magnet" Read: Huguet. Key engineering features of the ITER-FEAT magnet system and implications for the R&D programme. Nuclear fusion (2001) vol. 41 (10) pp. 1503 Okuno et al. Key features of the ITER-FEAT magnet system. Fusion Eng Des (2001) vol. 58-9 pp. 153-157
Feb 24	Introduction to: Tokamak discharge evolution Tokamak plasma equilibrium control Tokamak MHD instability control Lecture-5: "Tokamak Discharge Control" Read: Gribov et al. Chapter 8: Plasma operation and control. Nucl Fusion (2007) vol. 47 (6) pp. S385-S403 Jardin et al. Dynamic modeling of transport and positional control of tokamaks. Journal of Computational Physics (1986) vol. 66 (2) pp. 481-507 Kessel et al. Development of ITER 15 MA ELMy H-mode inductive scenario. Nuclear Fusion (2009) vol. 49 pp. 085034
Mar 3	ITER Diagnostics Read: Donné et al. Chapter 7: Diagnostics. Nucl Fusion (2007) vol. 47 (6) pp. S337-S384
Mar 10	Project 10 minute summaries "ITER Operation without Tritium", M. Mauel "Resistive Wall Mode Observation and Control", J. Levesque "Multiple-scale Turbulences Interaction", Bingqian Li "Physics and Design of the Divertor for ITER", C. Stoafer "Advanced Tokamaks and ITER", M. Roberts "Disruption in ITER: Major Catastrophe or Minor Annoyance?", S. Angelini "Vertical Stability Diagonsis and Control in ITER", P. Hughes "Heating and Current Drive in ITER", P. Traverso "Investigation of Methods and Uses of Auxiliary Heating in ITER-FEAT", P. Byrne "Plasma Reconstruction," Q. Peng "Battling ELM's in ITER", B. DeBono "Energetic Particle Physics in ITER Plasmas", D. Shiraki "Toroidal Drift Instabilities", E. Tokluoglu
Mar 17	Spring Break
Mar 24	Lecture 7: ITER Physics and Technical Issues from the 2007 Design Review Read: Hawryluk. Principal physics developments evaluated in the ITER design review. Nucl. Fusion (2009) vol. 49 (065012) pp. 065012 Presentations: Norbert Holtkamp, "The Design Review", July 11, 2007, Cadarache Gunther Janeschitz, "The Status of ITER: The ITER Design Review", Town Meeting, APS-DPP, October 2007 Ted Strait, ITPA summary at 12th Workshop on MHD Control, Columbia University, Nov 18, 2007 Rich Hawryluk, "Principal physics developments evaluated in the ITER design review.", 22nd IAEA Conference on Fusion, 2008 Hideyuki Takatsu, "Summery on ITER, ...", 23rd IAEA Conference on Fusion, 2010
Mar 31	One-on-one discussions about term projects Issue Cards for student participation during report presenations.
Apr 7	"Resistive Wall Mode Observation and Control", J. Levesque Oral Presentation: Resistive Wall Mode Observation and Control in ITER-Relevant Plasmas "Multiple-scale Turbulences Interaction", Bingqian Li Oral Presentation
Apr 14	"Physics and Design of the Divertor for ITER", C. Stoafer Oral Presentation: Tokamak Divertor System Concept and the Design for ITER "Advanced Tokamaks and ITER", M. Roberts Oral Presentation:
Apr 21	"Disruption in ITER: Major Catastrophe or Minor Annoyance?", S. Angelini Oral Presentation: Disruptions in ITER: Major Catastrophe or Minor Annoyance "Vertical Stability Diagonsis and Control in ITER", P. Hughes Oral Presentation: Vertical Stability Diagnosis and Control in ITER
Apr 28	"Heating and Current Drive in ITER", P. Traverso "Investigation of Methods and Uses of Auxiliary Heating in ITER-FEAT", P. Byrne
May 3	"Battling ELM's in ITER", B. DeBono "Plasma Reconstruction," Q. Peng Oral Presentation: Final Report: Equilibrium Reconstruction with Grad-Shafranov Equation
May 5	"Energetic Particle Physics in ITER Plasmas", D. Shiraki "Toroidal Drift Instabilities", E. Tokluoglu

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Professor Michael E. Mauel
Department of Applied Physics
Columbia University

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